Lamp.



E. A. HAWTHORNE.

LAMP.

APPLICATION FILED MAY s. 19H.

Patented Oct. 9, 1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

E- A HAWTHORNE.

v LAMP. V I APPLICATION FILED MAYB. 1917. 1,242,185. Patented Oct.9,1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

ELLSWORTH A. HAWTHORNE, 0F BRIDGEPORT, CONNECTICUT.

LAMP.

Specification of Letters Patent,

Patented Get. 1917.

Application fiiea'ivia s, 1917. Serial no. 167,183.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ELLswoRTH A. HAW- THORNE, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and a resident of Bridgeport, in the county of F airfield andState of Connecticut, have invented an Improvement in Lamps, of whichthefollowing description, in connection with the accompanying drawings,is a specification, like characters on the drawings representing likeparts." 7

This invention relates 'to'lamps, and is more particularly concernedwith means for facilitating the assembling and the fastening together ofthe lamp casing, its glazing and its reflector.

My invention will be best understood by reference to the followingdescription when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings ofone specific embodiment thereof, while its scope will be moreparticularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a central, longitudinal, sectional, view of a lamp embodyingmy invention;

Fig. 2 is a detail, central, longitudinal, sectional view of some of theparts shown in Fig. 1, illustrating the mode of assembling;

Fig. 3 is a detail view showing in elevation a portion of the body ofthe lamp casing, and showing in section one of the screws constituting apart of the clamping means;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view on line H of Fig. 1; and v Fig. 5 and 6 aredetail views of one of the retaining elements or clamps.

Referring to the drawings, and to the embodiment of my invention which Ihave selected for illustration, I have there shown a lamp comprising asuitable light source 7, associated with an appropriate reflector 8 andboth mounted within a casing comprising a body 9 and a bezel or door 10,the latter being provided with a seat 11 for a suitable glazing orlight-transmitting element 12. r v

As a means for insuring the exclusion of dust, water, and other foreignsubstances, the door or bezel 10 is herein provided with an annularrecess 13 containing a ring of suitable packing material 14, such forexample as a strip of felt, which before being put in place may becoated on both sides with some suitable substance such as shellac whichwill adhere to the abutting surfaces and contribute to. produce a tightjoint. As a further means to insure a tight joint between the glazingand door or bezel, the seat 11 may be, and is herein, disposed at aslight acute angle to the face of the glazing, and is made resilient sothat when sufficient pressure is exerted against the inner side of theglazing, the seat will be tensioned and a snug fit against the face ofthe glazing secured. The reflector 8 may be otherwise suitably mountedwithin the casing, but herein is provided with a flange 15 disposedflatwise against the inner face of the glazing, and maybe and preferablyis held in firm engagement therewith by the same means hereinafterdescribed, which holds the glazing against its seat.

I have herein provided a single means to secure the casing partstogether to hold the glazing against its seat, and to retain thereflector in its place, the arrangement being such that by the use of. ascrew or screws accessible from the exterior of the casing, such. meansis rendered effective to exert axial thrusts against the casing partsand against the. glazing and reflector to urge them into theirrespective places.

This means may take many formswithin the spirit and scope of theappended claims, but herein comprises a plurality of screws 16 andcooperating nuts 17 of any suitable number, preferably spaced at equalintervals around the lamp casing, said screws extending from theexterior to the interior of the latter, and said nuts being disposedwithin the casing. Preferably, also, the screws are disposed radiallywith relation to the common axis AA of the casing parts 9 and10,

which it will be observed are telescopically of the flange 19 withrelation to the flange 18, and to provide a tight dust and moistureexcluding joint for the two casing parts, the part 9 is herein providedwith a seat 20 in the form of a circumferential bead, and the part 10isprovidedwith a circumferential bead 21 which fits thereagainst whenthe lamp is fully assembled. The cylindrical flange 18 'of the casingbody is herein provided with a plurality of openings 22 corthe head 20.

shapednotches 23. It is found in practice that this can be done veryexpeditiously witlronly a most casual inspection of the parts beforecommencing the assembling. It should here be observed that the screws16, even when in the positions which they 'finally occupy, are separatedfrom the bot- "toms of their respectivenotches23 by a sufficient space,so that there is no danger whatever of their interfering with the bead21 being brought snugly against the bead 20.

As a-means for translating the. turning movement of the screws 16 intoaxialmove- 11161113 of the casing parts 9 and 10, I have hereinprovidedmeans carried by the nut 17 to. enforce'rectilinear movement of thelatter in a'radial direction, and to utilize such movement to draw thebead 21. against This 'means may take other forms, but herein the nut 17is provided with anarm or lug 25, which is inclined or oblique'totheaxis of the screw 16, and constitutes a wedge which cooperates with-asuitably formed shoulder 26 in the casing body 9. This shoulder may beof other suitable character, but herein is rounded and inclined asclearly illustrated in Figs. '1 and 2 for cooperation with the inclinedwedge 25, and for convenience in manufacture is formed asa part of anannular groove 27 within the beadQO. It should be apparent that byturning each of the screws 16in the proper direction, each of the nuts17 will be caused to move radially outward, and to apits seat 11.

preach the flange 18. This. produces a wedging action ofthe inclined arm25 on the inclinedshoulder 26, the result being that the two casingparts are moved axially with relation one to the other, and the beads 20and 21 are forcibly crowded against each other in such a manner as toproduce a tight joint which will. exclude dust,-water and other foreignsubstances.

Similar means areprovided for the reflectorflange 15 against "the n 12,and in turn forcing the latter against To this end, the nut 17 carriesone or more, herein a plurality of arms'28, preferably formed integralwith said nut and disposed obliquely, or inclined oppositely to the arm25, thus constituting wedging means cooperating with a suitable shoulderforcing gl'azi This shoulder may be otherwise suitably formed, butherein is formed as a part of an annular groove 30 within a bead 31. It--should here be noted, incidentally, that the wedging action of thearms 28 against the -shoulder29 naturally contributes: in forcing thebeads 20 and 21 together. The arms 28 are arranged to utilize thewedging action just described to urge the reflector flange 15 againsttheglazin 12, and'in turn to urge the-latter against its seat 11. To thisend',"the nut 17 also carriesone or more,

herein a plurality of arms 32extending in a "directiongenerallyoppositeto the arms 28. 'Herei11,"for convenience of manufacture, thearms are, as a matter of fact, 'formedintegralwith the arms 28 respectively,although it 'is not at all essential. However, by making themintegral, as shown, and bygiving them a proper degree of fiexibility,"the arms'are caused 'to urgethe' glazing 'against'its seat with springpressure. Moreover, by the provision of a plurality of flexiblearmsfth'ey" accommodate th'emselvesto the surface against which theybear, and take care of any possible inequality or irregularity whichmight otherwiseresult in the strong pressure brought to'bear "againstthe glazing, causing the latter to"breal These flexible arms have stillanother important 'adv'ant'age, that of providing for possiblevariations in the thickness of "theglazing within reasonable 7 limits.It is very often found in practice 'thatgl'azings vary a few'thousandths'of an inch oneway or the other from a specified gage,"anclthat sometimes even in one. glazing, therewill be variations inthickness from one-point'toanother, but any such variations within"reasonable I limits are easily taken c'are'of by the resilient actionof the described retaining devices. It should be noted in passing thatthe nutsl? and their arms 25, 28 and 32,"are preferably'formed on acurve corresponding with that of the casing, as itis found in practicethat this shape' gives the most satisfactory results.

' In assembling the lamp, the packing strip 14 is first put in itsplace-in the groove 13 in the manner previously described, and theglazing12 placed against the packing strip and against the seat 11, itbeing understood, however, that the packing strip at the start will havea sufficient thickness so "that it will be very considerably compressedbefore the glazing brings up against itsseat" 11. "Th

flange 15 of'the'reflector 8 is next placed against the 'glazing,"afterwhich the'screws 16 are introduced through their respective perforationsin :the' flange 19 and loosely assembled'with their respective nuts 17.The casing'pa'rts 9 and 10 are then assembledin the manner previouslydescribed by intro- 55 '29 formed on the flange 19 of the part 10.ducing the flange 18 into thefiange '19 until 1311} the screws 16 andnuts 17, occupy some such position as that illustrated in. Fig. 2. It

is found in practice that the arms 25 will ders and 29, and the casingparts 9 and 10 are drawn together with a very powerful action. Bycomparison of Figs. 1 and 2, it will be noted that as the arms 28ridealong the inclined surface 29, a curious flexing action takesplacefirstly, the arms 28 bend close to the body portion of the nut 17and secondly, a bending action takes place between the arms 28 and thearms 32, it being observed that the latter, though at first disposedsomewhat at an angle to the flange 15, are bent and tensioned until theyfinally occupy some such position as that illustrated in Fig. l,substantially flatwise against said flange. By this time, the roundedbends of the resilient arms have reached a position where they seat ator near the bottom of the annular groove 30. The flange 15 is now heldwith firm, though somewhat resilient, pressure against the glazing 12,and the latter against its seat 11, and the seat. in turn is tensionedso that it also contributes in producing a tight dust and moistureexcluding joint, yet without danger ofbreakage of the glazing. One ofthe distinct advantages of the described construction is that itprovides an exceedingly simple assembly, which is easily understood, notonly by comparatively unskilled factory workers-but also by the generalpurchasing public into-Whose hands the lamp goes. The parts can-bereadily dismounted by simply reversing the foregoing operation, andre-assembled with ease by the aid of a screw-driver; This is, of

course, a distinct advantage in the case of the breakage of a glazing inthe event of'a Collision. g 1

Nhile I have herein shown and described one form or embodim ent of myinvention for illustrative purposes, and have disclosed and discussed indetail the construction and arrangement incidental to one specificapplication thereof, it is to be understood that the invention islimited neither to the mere details or relative arrangement of parts,nor tothe specific embodiment herein shown, but that ex tensivedeviations from the illustrated form or embodiment of the invention maybe made without departing from tlieprinciples thereof. f i, r

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire byLettersPatent-to secure is: i I 1. In combination,a glazing, acasing hav- .inga seat for saidglazing, andmeans for holding said glazing against saidseat including a clamping member having an integral resilient portion,and means to tension said .resilientportion .to cause the same to urgesaid glazing against said seat.

2. In combination, a glazing, a casing havin a seat for said lazin andmeans for holding said: glazingagainst said seat including aclamping'member having a plurality of resilient fingers, and means'toten sion said fingers to cause the same to urge said glazing againstsaid seat.

3. In combination, a. glazing, a casing having a seat for said glazing,and means for holding said glazing against said seat, including a clampinterlocking with said casing, and a screw to cause saidclamp to holdsaid glazing against said seatand to. hold said clamp in interlockingengagement with said casing.

At. In combination, a glazing, a casing havmg a seat for sa dglazmg, andmeans for holding said I glazing against saidseat, in-v cluding a clampinterlocking withv said casing and having a resilient portion, and ascrew, to tension said resilient portion to urge said glazing againstsaid seat and to hold saidclamp in interlocking engagement with saidcasing. 1 j

5. In combination,a glazing, a casing having a seat for said glazing,and means for vholding saidglazing against said seat, including a clamphaving a part projecting in.- onedirection into interlocking engagementwith said casing and another part pro jectingin a; generally oppositedirection, and a screw to hold the one part in. such interlockingengagement and to cause the otherpart tohold said glazingagainst saidseat. r

' 61 In combination, aglazing, a casing having a seat for said glazing,and means for holding said. glazing against said seat, including acclamphaving a part projecting in one direction into interlocking engagementwith said casing and a resilient part projecting in a generally oppositedirection,

-cause said member to cooperate with said shoulder, and to react, on.said glazingto urge the latter against said seat. 7 H

8 In combination, a glazing, casing having aseat for said glazing andhaving an inclined shoulder adjacent the margin of said casing, andmeans for holding said glazing against-said'seat, includingareshoulder,- and means to cause said member to-cooperate' with theincline of said shoulder and toreact on said'glazing to urge the latteragainst said seat.

9. In combination, a 'glazing,- a casing having aseat for said glazii'igand having an annular shoulder adjacent the margin of said glazing, andmeans for holding said glazingagainst said seat, including a retainingmember engaging said shoulder, and means to cause said member tocooperate with said shoulder and to react on said glazing to urgethelatter against said'seat.

10. In combination, a glazing, a casing having a seat for saidglazing-and having an a'nnular inclined shoulder adjacent the margin ofsaid casing, and" means for holding said glazing against saidseat,-incl-uding a retaining member engaging said inclined shoulder, andmeans" to cause said member to coop'erate-with the incline ofsaid-shoulder and to react on said glazing to urge the l atter againstsaid seat.

11. In combination, a casing comprising two telescopically arrangedparts one "of which has a seat against which the other is seated byaxial movement, andmeans'for relatively moving sa1d parts to cause suchseatlng, sa1d means lncludlng a radially disposed screw and means totranslate turning movement of said screw into axial mo-Vement ofsaid'p'arts.

12. In combination, a casing comprising two telescoplcally 1 arrangedparts one of which has a seat against which the otheuis seated by *axialI movement, 4 and means for relatlvely moving said parts to cause suchseating, said means including a" radially i disposed screw and meanshaving a wedging action to translate turnlng movement of said screw intoaxial'movement of said parts,

13.-In combination, a casing comprising two telescopically arranged 2parts I one *oi: which has a' seat againstwhich the o-ther is se'atedby-= axial movement, and means for relatively moving saicl 'parts'- tocause such seating, sa1d-means lncluding a radially {disposedscrew and=mean s-having a plurality of inclined" sliding wedge-like surfacesdotranslate turning movement of said-screw into axialmovem'entofsaid'p'arts. v

14. In 'combin-atioma casing comprising "two telescopicallyarrangedpartsone of which has 'aseat against WVlllGll the other-1s seated byaxial movement,-'and means for relatively moving saidparts to' eausesuch seating, said means including a radially-disposed screw,-a deviceconnected with said combination, a casing comprisimejv twotele'scopically arranged parts one of whiclrhas a seat against which theother is 'seatedby' axial movement, and means for relatively moving saidparts to cause such seating, said means including a'radially disp'osedscre'w, a nut having screw-threaded-en- 'gag'ement with -said -screw,and means car- 'r1ed"by sa1d nut to translate rectilinear nov'eni'entbfsaid nut intoaxial movement of said parts.

16. ln comblnatlon, a'casing comprlsmg "two telescopically arrangedparts one of "which has aseat against which the other is li'ne-armovement-thereof into axial movement of said parts.

f 1-7 .=:In-:combination, acasing comprising two telescopically arrangedparts one of whiehhas a-seat against which the other is seated by axialmovement,'and means for relatively moving said parts to cause suchseating, said means including a radially disposed screw, a'nuthavingscrew-threaded engagement with said screw, and wedge means carriedby said" nut to enforce rectilinearmovementof said nut and totranslate're'ctilinearmovement of said nut into axial movement of saidparts.

1 8. In combination, a casing comprising two telescopically arrangedparts one of whichhas a' seatagainst which the other is seated by axialmovement, and means for relatively moving said parts to cause suchseating, said means including a radially dis 'posed"--sc'rew, a nuthaving screw-threaded engagement with said screw, and means'liavii'lg'two pairsoi inclined surfaces simultaneously acting toenforce rectilinear moveme'ntof saidnut and to translate saidrectilinear movement intoaxial movement of said parts. 7 I

19. In combination, 1 a casing comprising two telescopically arrangedparts one of which has aseat against which the other is 'se'a-ted byaxial-'movement, and means for relatively moving said parts to causesuch seating, said means including a radially disposed screw extendingthrough said casing, and means 'to translate turning movement of saidscrew into axial movement of said parts.

20. In combination, a casing comprising two telescopically arrangedparts one of which has a seat against which the other is "seated byaxial movement, and means for relatively movingsaid parts to cause suchseating, said means including a radially disposed"-screw=extending fromthe outside which is provided with a seat against which 7 to the insideof said casing, and means within said casing to translate turningmovement of said screw into axial movement of said parts. 7 v V a 21.Incombination, a casing comprising two telescopically arranged parts oneof which isprovided with a seat against which the other is seated byaxial movement, said parts being provided, respectively, with shoulders,and means for relatively moving said parts to cause such seating, saidmeans includin a radially disposed screw and means coiiperating withsaid screw and said shoulders to translate turning movement of saidscrew into axial-movement of .23. In combination, a casing comprisingtwo telescopically arranged parts one of the other is seated by axialmovement, said parts being provlded, respectively, with shoulders, andmeans for relatively moving 7 said parts to cause such seating,saidmeans including a radially disposed screw, and

wedge means operated by said screw and cooperating with said shouldersto translate turning movement of said screw into axial movement of saidparts.

24; In combination, a casing comprising two telescopically arrangedparts one of which is provided with a seat against which the other isseated by axial movement, said parts being provided, respectively, withoppositely inclined shoulders, and means for relatively moving saidparts to cause such seating, said means including a radially disposedscrew and means coiiperating with said screw and said shoulders totranslate turning movement of said screw into axial movement of saidparts. 7

25. In combination, a casing comprising two telescopically'arrangedparts, and means for locking said parts against relative movement, saidmeans including a screwextending from the exterior to the interior ofsaid casing, and means within said casing operated by said screw tointerlock with said casing parts.

26. In combination, a casing comprising two telescopically arrangedparts, and means for locking said parts against relative movement, saidmeans including a screw extending from the exterior to the interior of:said casing, a nut within said casing having screw-threaded engagementwith said screw, and means carried by said nut to interlock with saidcasing parts.

'27. In combination, a glazing, a casing comprising twotelescopicallyarranged parts one of which is provided with a seat for said glazing,and one of which is provided with another seat against-which the otherpart is'seated by axial movement, and means for relatively moving saidparts to cause said glazing to seat on its seat and said casing parts toseat, one on the said seat of the other; I

28. In combination, a glazing, a casing comprising two telescopicallyarranged parts one of which is provided with a seat for said glazing,and one of which is provided with another seat against which the otherpart is seated byaxial movement, and means for relatively moving saidparts to cause said glazing-to" seat on its seat and said casing partsto seat, one on the said seat of the other, said means including a'screw extending iromithe exterior to the interior-of said casing, andmeans within said casing operated by said screw for relatively movingsaid'parts to cause said glazing to-seat on said seat and said casingparts to seat one on the seat of the other.

29. In combination, a glazing, a c'a-sing' comprising two telescopicallyarranged parts one of which is provided with a seat for said glazing,and one-of whichis provided with another sea-t against which the otherpart is seated by axial-movement, and means for relatively moving saidparts to cause said glazing to seat on its seat and said casing parts toseat, one on the said seat of the other, said means including ascrewextending from the exterior to the interior of said casmg and meanscomprising wedges within said'casing operated by said screw: to causesaid glazing to seat on sald seatand' sa1d cas ng parts to seat oneonthe seat of the other. v

30. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination of aglazing, a casing in two parts one of which is provided with a seat forsaid glazing, a reflector within said casing, and a single means tosecure said casing parts together, to hold said glazing against saidseat, and to retain said reflector in its place, said means including anactuating device accessible from the exterior of said casing. 7 i

e 31. In an apparatus of the class described, the'combination of aglazing, a casing in two parts one of which is provided with a seat forsaid glazing, a reflector within said casing, and means to secure saidcasing parts together, to hold said glazing against said seat, and toretain sald reflector in place, said means including a screw extendingfrom the exterior to the interior of said casing and means within saidcasing operated by said screw to exert axial thrusts against said casingparts, said glazing and said reflector.

32. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination of a casingcomprising two telescopically assembled parts and means to secure saidparts together, one of said parts being provided at its circumferentialterminal portion with one or more openings having edges which divergetoward the terminal circumferential edge of such part, and said meansextending through such opening or openings into the interior of saidcasing.

33. In combination, a glazing, a resilient seat forsaid glazingdisposedat an acute angle to the facethereof, and meansincluding a screw forurging said glazing against said seat and tensioning the latter.

34:. In combination, a glazing, a resilient seat for said glazingdisposed at an acute angle to the face thereof, and means including ascrew and a resilient device tensioned thereby for yieldingly urgingsaid glazing against said seat and tensioning the latter.

85. In combination, a casing comprising two coaxially arranged parts,and means to lock said parts together, including a screw extendingfromthe exterior to the interior of said casing, and a radially movabledevice actuated by said screw and interlocking'with both of said parts.

36. In combination, a casing comprising two coaxially arranged parts,and means to lock said parts together, including a screw extending fromthe exterior to the interior of said casing and a radially movable de'vice actuated by said screw and interlocking with both of said parts onopposite sides, respectively, of said screw.

3?. In combination, a casing comprising two coaxially arranged parts,and means to lock said parts together, including a screw.

extending from the exterior through both of said parts and a radiallymovable element actuated by. said screw and having laterally extendingportions respectively in terlocking with said parts.

38. In combination, a casing comprising two coaxially arranged parts,and a plu-.

ially movable parts, and means to lock said parts together, including aplurality of screwsspaced about said casing, and a plurality of radiallymovable devices actuated by said so ews, respectively, and interengagingwith said parts.

40. In a lamp casing, the combination of a body and a closure therefor,the latter comprising a glazing and door having a re silient seat forsaid glazing,,said seat being disposed.approximately flatwise though ata slight acute angle to the contacting face of said glazing, and meansto force said glazing against said seat thereby to tension the latterand'reduce such angle.

41. In a lamp casing, the combination of a body and a closure therefor,the latter comprising. a glazing and doe-r having a resilient seat forsaid glazing, said seat being disposed approximately fiatwise though ata slight acute angle to the contacting face of said'glazing, and meansincluding a screw to force said glazing against said seat there.

by to tension the latter and reduce such angle.

In a lame casin the combination of a body and a closure therefor, thelatter comprising a glazing and door having a resilient seatfor saidglazing, said seat being disposed approximately fiatwise though at aslight acute angle to the contacting face of said glazing, and means tohold said glazing against said seat and I to maintain the latter undertension. I

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

ELLSWORTH A. HAWTHORNE.

Copies of this patent-may beobtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. G.

